The Solar Tree Project Report

 

INTRODUCTION

                                    

It is a type of renewable energy resource that is competitive with fossil fuels in some ways. Hydro strength is the pressure strength of transferring water. It provides about 96% of the renewable energy in the United States. Hydroelectric power plants do not use any resources to create electricity, so they do not pollute the air. The sun is a hydrodynamic round frame of extraordinarily warm ionised gases(plasma), producing electricity through the system of thermonuclear fusion. The temperature of the interior of the sun is estimated at 8×106 k to 40×106 k, where energy is released by the fusion of hydrogen and helium. Solar energy is available in abundance and is considered the easiest and cleanest means of tapping renewable energy. For direct conversion of sun radiation into usable form, the routes are: sun thermal, sun photovoltaic, and sun architecture. However, the main problem associated with tapping solar energy is that the requirement to install large solar collectors requires a lot of space. To avoid this problem, we can install a solar tree in spite of the number of solar panels, which requires a very small space. Solar Tree is a revolutionary urban lighting concept that represents a perfect symbiosis between pioneering design and cutting-edge eco-compatible technology. Solar Tree expands the possibilities for city lighting fixtures by meeting today's most pressing environmental, social, cultural, and aesthetic demands. 

 

 

 

What is a Solar Tree?

 

A sun tree is an ornamental approach to manufacturing solar electricity and, additionally, electricity. It uses multiple solar panels, which form the shape of a tree. The panels are arranged in a tree fashion on a tall tower/pole.

 

Solar tree

"Tree" stands for

 

T= Tree Generating

 

R=RENEWABLE

 

E = energy and E = electricity.

 

This is like a tree in structure, and the panels are like the leaves of the tree, which produces energy.

 

 

 

Why do we call it the solar tree?

 

As we know, timber is found in nature and they could produce their own personal meals via a process known as photosynthesis. It is the process by which a green plant collects energy from the sun and the water in the soil during the day so that it can produce its own food. Through this process, they are indirectly providing food to human society because we depend on green plants for our food directly or indirectly. Here we are considering the example for an understanding of the solar tree. This is a tree in which the stems connected act as the branches of the tree, and the solar panels are like the leaves. Green leaves produce food materials for human beings. Likewise, these leaves are producing energy for society. So, it's miles very suitable to name it a tree.

 

 

Solar Tree

Normal Tree

 

Why is it needed?

 

Due to fewer land requirements -

 

It is the best option for energy generation because it requires very little land as compared to the traditional photovoltaic system. Because of high population growth, land has become the most expensive commodity for human society. For example, to generate 2 MW of power from a photovoltaic module, we require 10–12 acres of land for the housing of panels only. But for the same amount of energy, we require only 0.10-0.12 acres of land in the case of solar trees. So, we require a plant that can generate maximum energy using a minimum amount of land.

 

 

Efficient energy generation:

 

It can generate energy very efficiently as compared to traditional systems. Due to the technique called spiral phyllotaxy, its efficiency further increases. We can also use the method called "Spiral PHYLLATAXY" to enhance the performance of the plant.  It can be applied to street lighting systems, industrial power supplies, etc. It is much better than the traditional solar photovoltaic system from an area point of view and is also more efficient. Though it is somehow costly, as compared to all the costs involved in traditional systems, it is more efficient.

 

 

It can collect energy from the wind:

 

As the name suggests, this is a device to generate energy from the sun, but it also has some unique features to generate energy from the wind. The stem is bendy so that you can rotate in any direction, and through shaking themselves they produce energy, additionally from wind, as in the case of a herbal tree. The unique technique is that flexible panels are connected to the stem, which can be rotated as desired. so that flexible avoidance of wind pressure can be possible. Flexibility offers manual rotation so that maximum power can be obtained.

 

 

 

The Working Principle of a Solar Tree

 

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A SOLAR TREE

The working principle of a solar tree is the PHOTOSYNTHESIS process. When photons hit a sun cell, they knock electrons free from their atoms. If conductors are connected to the effective and terrible facets of a cell, it paperwork an electrical circuit. When electrons go with the drift thru the sort of circuit, they generate electricity. A photovoltaic cell converts sunlight into electricity, and this effect is known as the photovoltaic effect. The sun tree panels fee batteries for the duration of the day. At dusk, the sun tree robotically switches on its LEDs. The internal control can also regulate the amount of light produced depending on how much charge is left in the batteries. And moreover, the energy stored in the batteries can be used for electricity. 

 

 

The Design of a Solar Tree

 

Components of a Solar Tree

 

The solar tree consists of some important parts in its design. They are as follows:

1. Solar panels
2. Long tower
3. LDEs
4. Stems for connecting the batteries to the panels

 

 

1. SOLAR PANELS

 

SOLAR PANELS

When photons hit a solar cell, electrons are knocked loose from their atoms. If conductors are connected to the wonderful and poor facets of a cell, it forms an electrical circuit. When electrons glide via one of these circuits, they generate electricity. A photovoltaic cell converts sunlight into electric energy, and this effect is known as the photovoltaic effect. The solar panels are made from silicon, like semiconductors. They are constructed with a positive and a negative layer, which together create an electric field, just like in a battery.

 

 

2. Long Tower :

 

Long Tower 

The long tower is used for connecting solar panels and wires, which are used for transforming the power from solar panels to batteries. The material used for the tower is steel.

 

 

 

 3. Batteries:

 

A battery is a collection of two or more chemical cells. which is used to store the energy from the solar panels. Generally, Li-ion, lead acid, and NiCad batteries are used to store electrical energy.

 

 

 

4. LED (Light Emitting Diode):

 

 

 LED (Light Emitting Diode)

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices and are increasingly used for other lighting. Early LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but modern versions emit extremely bright light in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared spectrums. The solar tree is also having stems for connecting the panels.

 

 

 

The Design of a Solar Tree 

 

 

The SPIRALLING PHYLLATAXY is a technique used in the design of solar trees. Phyllataxy is a botanical term in which phyllon means "leaf" and taxis means "arrangement". Phyllataxy is the association of leaves on a plant stem. It provides a way to shield the lower panels from the upper panels' shadows, allowing them to track the maximum amount of sunlight.This technology is used to improve the efficiency of the plant. 

 

The Design of a Solar Tree 

Designed a sun tree with the use of an array of solar panels of sun cells as leaves. The sun cells in the tree have been capable of saving sufficient electricity. We deliberate to layout inexperienced stems built of metal pipes assisting a mild bulb wherein sun cells are connected. In place of branches, we use a solar panel, which has to produce voltage. The battery is concealed in the ground base, which is sealed with the appropriate material. The department of the sun tree became adorned with LED lighting on the tip.

 

 

India's Solar Power Tree

 

 In 2016, CSIR(Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute), Durgapur, West Bengal, India, invented the solar tree. The developed solar tree is capable of generating electricity to the tune of 3–7 KWH with a bare footprint of 2x2 sqft area.

 

 

APPLICATIONS

 

• Street lights
• House supply
• Industrial power supply
• E-Vehicle Charging Solutions
• Mobile charging

 

 

Conclusion and Future Scope

 

To fulfil the increasing energy demand of the people and save land, this project is a very successful one. This can offer power with none electricity reduce problems. The extra energy can be provided by the solar tree very easily, and we can charge our electric vehicles and also enrich the environment with eco-friendly.

 

For the traditional system, we require a large amount of land to generate a small amount of power. It requires about 1% of the land as compared to the traditional system. Solar energy is available in abundance and is considered the easiest and cleanest means of tapping renewable energy.  However, the main problem associated with tapping solar energy is the requirement to install large solar collectors, which requires a very large space. To avoid this problem, we can install a solar tree in spite of the number of solar panels, which require a very small space.

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